The Myth of Natural Ability in Elite Sport

Thanks to Justin Coulson for another insightful article he's written for us.  You can also read his personal blog here.
The Myth Of Natural Ability In Elite Sport
by Justin Coulson (School of Psychology, University of Wollongong)

Despite decades of psychological research to the contrary, the myth that natural ability makes an athlete superior persists. In fact, if you listen to the commentary of nearly any sporting event you will hear the “expert” describe the “natural talent” a given player exhibited throughout his or her life, which has culminated in present day successes.

Everyone believes in talent. Especially the experts.

Physical endowment is visible. Shape and size, agility, and strength are all visible. So too are deliberate practice and training. You would think that the fact that training produces outcomes would dispel the myth of natural ability. After all, training demands that effort be made which leads to subsequent improvements!

Let me share some examples from the history of sport.

Muhammad Ali was not considered a natural fighter. He had the wrong body proportions, for a start. While he was quick, he lacked strength and he lacked the classic moves. Carol Dweck, in her book Mindset (which I recommend as one of the greatest books on the psychology of motivation ever written), writes that Ali “boxed all wrong. He didn’t block punches with his arms and elbows. He punched in rallied like an amateur. He kept his jaw exposed. He pulled back his torso to evade the impact of oncoming punches” rather than dodging left or right.

In hindsight experts reflect on his natural talent and physique. We see the body of a great boxer. Yet Ali’s work ethic and ability to tactically psyche out his opponents before a fight made him the fighter he became.

The second example is Michael Jordan. Everyone knows he was cut from his high-school basketball team – and in hindsight we mock the coach that dropped him. Jordan never got recruited by the college team he wanted and in his first NBA draft two teams bypassed him for other players. Couldn’t they see his natural talent? Jordan became known as the man who practiced longer and harder than ANY other player in the NBA. His work ethic is what made him great… not any natural ability.

The same can be said (and has been) about one of Rugby League’s greatest players, Andrew Johns.

I remember as a teenager being stunned that a man who was only 165cms (5’5”) could win a slam dunk contest. Was he naturally endowed for basketball greatness? Not remotely! The same can be said for athletes from every sport throughout the world at the HIGHEST levels.

And while I know that not everyone loves Lance, personally I find him inspiring. This ad highlights precisely the point this post is about.

The “naturals” we knew as kids and as teens were most likely only natural because they were older (and therefore bigger), more mature (and therefore more co-ordinated), or had parents or friends who spent time with them developing their skills.

I have two nephews, aged 2 and 3, who are the most amazing soccer players! It’s incredible. Are they naturally gifted to play? Of course not. From literally the day they were born they’ve had soccer balls to play with, and parents who kick the ball around in the back yard EVERY chance they get.

My ten year-old daughter is not as fast as the other girls on the velodrome. She knows her bike isn’t as good as some of theirs. And she knows that her wheels are smaller. But most of all she knows that while ever she only trains one afternoon each week and they train three afternoons each week, they’ll always be faster.

Of course the myth of natural ability is a handy cop-out for people not doing so well in their given sport. If I’m not naturally gifted, then my poor performance is not “my” fault. It’s genetics conspiring against me. Researchers have absolutely decimated that myth.

There’s no such thing as naturals. There are simply those who train their bodies and minds longer, more precisely, more deliberately, and harder than everyone else.

If you’d like to read two of the very best books on this topic, I suggest:

Mindset: The new psychology of success (Dweck, C. S., 2006)
Talent is overrated: What really separates world-class performers from everybody else (Colvin, G., 2008).




SIMILAR ENTRIES

Showing 4 entries

  • http://www.roadtotriathlon.com/ andy

    I wholeheartedly agree with this. We need to take responsibility of ourselves. If we suck, it's only “I” to blame. Another example of a great is Tiger Woods (golfing that is, he's not so great in hiding affairs. though with much practice he can). He practices all the time. Even after he wins a golf championship, he's the first and last one to leave the range.

    With regard to Lance. I do think it's 99% due to practice, but didn't doctors say he was a “freak of nature” in that his heart was something like 30% larger than the norm? If that's the case, then it is to some small % a natural gift.

  • Bob

    That argument is pretty silly, because the alternative is that we all have IDENTICAL ability.

    And just because he names a few athletes whose work ethic was far greater than their natural ability, doesn't mean that there aren't athletes with natural ability – for example – Gary Neiwand.

    I actually think this article is a troll.

  • Matt

    Whilst I can see the point of this – how many white guys have run under 10 seconds in the 100m sprint?

  • http://www.happyfamilies.com.au Justin Coulson

    Hi Bob. Thanks for your perspective. The myth of natural ability in elite sport is anti-intuitive, and it pervades our view of high performers in general. As a result there are many – in fact, the majority – who find the ideas I've provided here to be bizzare and hard to believe.

    And perhaps I could have been a little clearer regarding our starting points. Genetics and “natural ability” are important, but they typically influence ONLY how quickly one acquires a given skill. Some kids are born bigger. Some kids are born stronger.

    The next CRITICAL element in the ACQUISITION of a skill is the environment a person is raised in. When a person is raised in an environment where exposure to a particular skill is high, the child is going to be exposed to the activity, the language, and all other aspects of it from a young age. This will have a direct and lasting impact on the child's ability to acquire the skill.

    Once the skill is acquired however, the level of excellence the person attains will be dependent on practice and attitude. That's the bit that I'm focused on in the article, and that's the bit that matters most if you want to be exceptional. There are arguably some “freaks” who appear to do little or no training and have amazing “natural ability”. Science has adequately demonstrated that these people actually do more than was supposed, and science has also adequately demonstrated that these people have a remarkable mindset as they approach their chosen activity.

    I note that you took issue with the “few athletes” I cited who had remarkable work ethic. I think you'll find that they are the rule, and not the exception.

    Best Regards,
    Justin

  • Bob

    I lot depends on exactly which so called “myth” you are referring to:
    – the myth that natural ability is the most important factor is elite athletic performance
    – the myth that natural ability makes an athlete superior
    – the myth that natural ability exists

    Your headline implies #3, but your article states #2, but I think you actually mean #1.

  • Dan

    Two very good books breaking the myth that talent is something you are born with The Talent Code by Daniel Coyle and Outliers by Malcolm Gladwell .

  • Phil

    As a 1st class honors grad in exercise science from UQ, I'd argue that this article has little to no relevance in cycling.
    Justin focuses his arguement around sports in which skill acquistion in vital (golf, backetball, boxing), but this is not whole picture in cycling. In cycling although skills are important (pedalling efficiency…), aerobic capacity is a far better indicator of performance. To be more specific your V02 max (which depends greatly upon your genetics) and your anaerobic threshold (which depends on both genetics and training) are the most important indicators of performance in cycling.

    In summary, in endurance sports your aerobic capacity is the best predictor of performance, and this depends on your genetics (hence talent exist).
    Yes hard work is required in training, but all we are doing is aiming to reach our genetically determined ceiling in our aerobic capacity (VO2 max and more important anaerobic threshold), hyance performance

    Justins arguement hold true in skills-acquistion based sports, but not in cycling.

  • http://www.cyclingTipsBlog.com cyclingTips

    I guess it also depends on how high in the sport you want to go. I know I'm not a naturally gifted athlete. However, I tend to work quite hard at my cycling therefore am somewhat better than some guys with who are more so called “genetically gifted”. I wouldn't consider myself at the true “elite” level of the sport though.

    When I played ice hockey (which required just as much skill as physiology) this was the same. I practiced the skill element and trained my body to adapt to the demands of the sport (I was 93kg of mass and still got thrown around!). The so called “talented” guys never needed to have that work ethic and therefore didn't make it very far in the sport in later years.

  • Nick

    You might be confusing 'high performers' and 'winners'.

    Big difference.

  • Andrew

    I second this motion.

  • TB

    I think Bob is 100% spot on.

    Re: Michael Jordan, I find this quite misleading. While Jordan was cut from his high school team, it was in his sophomore year (ie, was going up against guys 1 and 2 years older than him), and the coach decided to give an older, taller guy the spot, reasoning that Jordan could still play junior varsity ball. Regarding college choice, I wasn't aware he missed out on his preferred school, but he did go to North Carolina, which has always been a very elite basketball school, pumping out NBA stars. So you can't say he was at all overlooked by elite colleges. And regarding the NBA draft, while he was only picked 3rd, that is still a high position for a guard, as big men typically go first. The two guys in front of him were both 7 feet. The first one was Hakeem Olajuwon, who had a stellar career himself and won championships. The second choice was Sam Bowie, and while he was a bust, they partly chose him because they already had a great player in Jordan's position in Clyde Drexler, who joined Jordan on the '92 Dream Team.
    The full story on Jordan provides ZERO evidence for the above argument, IMHO.

  • JC

    I disagree. Justin's argument is just as relevant to cycling as it is to more skills based sports. For the sake of the argument let's say that the guy with the highest Vo2 max is the best rider (which of course he won't necessarily be). That guy has still had to suffer like a dog to achieve that level. Your Vo2 max does not exist in a vacuum – suffering is required if you want to improve it. While we may all have a hypothetical Vo2 max ceiling only those who chose to suffer will ever achieve it. The ability to tolerate suffering is between the ears. We can all improve and achieve outstanding outcomes if we are prepared to work work and work more.

  • krashdavage

    True, but there is a skill aspect to cycling too. Also, who reaches their genetic potential? The point of Justin's article is work your arse off to achieve your goals. Who's to say there isn't a guy out there with genetic potential way beyond Lance but just happens to be overweight, smoke, drive a big car and hates cyclists? Conversely the athlete with the right mindset and work ethic can still achieve greatness with less genetic potential right?

  • krashdavage

    And Gary Neiwand grew up in a large family of cyclists and rode from a young age… sure he had genetic potential but he acquired great skill too (smooth pedalling, bike handling, tactics) by being raised and immersed in that culture from a young age. I'm sure he trained hard too ;-)

  • krashdavage

    I took #1 out of it. Pretty obvious really. These are all opinions, though Justin's is an “expert” and qualified one as is Phil's below

  • http://www.happyfamilies.com.au Justin Coulson

    Yikes… I knew this would be controversial but…

    I appreciate the comments though. My next post will certainly be checked and cross-checked to make sure I'm saying precisely what I mean to say :)

    The genetic component of an athlete is important. But perhaps I could phrase it better…

    The innate capacity of an athlete is different to innate ability. Genetically a person may have an innate capacity, but without the determination and deliberate practice and desire etc, they will not develop their ability. Certainly capacity can feed ability, but capacity in and of itself will never be enough to perform at the highest levels.

    Secondly, even Phil acknowledges this point. (I also did exercise science at UQ, but switched to psychology later on). There is an indisputable genetic component to thresholds and V02 max. However, as he says, the capacity can be developed through training and practice.

  • http://www.cyclingTipsBlog.com cyclingTips

    We shouldn't disregard tactics, balls, determination, and the will to suffer in a sport such as cycling. I know some incredibly gifted cyclists as well as many hard working and fit cyclists who would blow the socks off many people in a ITT. Unfortunately they'll never win a road race because they don't know how to play the game.

  • bob

    I agree with Phil.

    The few genuinely elite sportsmen I have trained with had natural ability AND the dedication required to allow that natural ability to be demonstrated. I can't see anyone winning in this sport without both.

    Justin, you talked about acquisition of skill. Well, no amount of training will help me get my V02 max in the 80s. While I am not properly fit now, at my peak fitness I was training the house down and my V02 max was still lingering in the low 60s. I can never acquire that 'skill'. I can train my anaerobic threshold till I am just about vomiting lactic acid, and some guys will just cruise past me up the bergs.

    However, if I am wrong, I'd love to know the secret to getting a bigger engine than I was born with!

  • daveb

    Natural ability exists from a young age – I agree with Bob – we all aren't cut from the same mould. We see this a primary schools athletic carnivals. You can still beat kids older than you. The difference, and where Justin should in my opinion focus the agrument, is that lets assume everyone has natural talent, i.e all abilities the same (like Bob) its then those guys who ' make it' are the guys (girls included) who put the enormous amounts of effort required to succeed at a Pro level (in any sport – more so skills based ones though – you don't see field hockey players converting to soccer like rowers do to cycling).
    - Hard work pays off (but not for everyone – you either have it or you don't).

  • Ribs

    I came here to suggest Outliers as well. It's a great perspective on why some people are predisposed to achievement, and that said achievement has little to do with natural talent.

  • Jack D

    Gary Niewand is a funny example Bob. He rode in an era where track cyclists had steroids for breakfast, remember the equine growth hormone scandal with riders on campus at the AIS (Adelaide)? Good luck to the guy in getting his life back together, but not a good example for anything in my book.

    I would prefer to highlight the range in size of riders today in the peleton, from Robbie McEwen and Mark Cavendish to Thor Hushvold and Tom Boonen.

    The personality of sportsmen like Tiger Woods is an interesting one, his extreme control in one aspect of his life (golf) is completely adverse to his extreme risks in another (social). It seems some who work so hard in being control freaks in one area are massive risk takers in another. I would have a lot more sympathy for him if his quality was better too, come on Tiger lift.

    Lance is awesome for his combination of natural ability, dedication and mental toughness, and ability to use his success for the greater good of all. I would doubt there has ever been an athlete who has out so much effort into analysing and improving performance, he is his own Institute of Sport.

    No doubt he is one of the most inspirational people on the planet, in a way that no natural athlete could ever be. He is so good for the sport on every level, even his blow ups with other riders or journo's is good if you know what I mean.

    Good piece Justin.

  • Travis

    Could not agree with you more CT and one of the previous posters said it as well and I paraphrase 'you can have all the ability in the world but without the hardwork it's useless'.
    We don't acheive anything without hardwork and pain!

  • ColRed

    I agree with Justin. There are broad a spectrum of factors related to an arbitrary measure of success – most notably the mind-set. It stands to reason if you start a skill set at a young age you will be successful, even more so if you're brought up in a competitive environment. Controversial I know, but the harder the work put in during late puberty increases your potential. Physiology has a lot to do with an Athletes success, black African body types have a pronounced tibia and foot arch – not to mention a higher concentration of fast twitch muscle fibres (generally speaking), but as sports become more and more a commercial spectators sport the skills need to increase. We all know O'Grady, Gerro and Evans are great cyclist – but if they can't lead and muster a team like Lance, then society may never classify them a success. It's all relative. To be a great cyclist you need more than an awesome VO2 Max – otherwise O'Grady would be a 10 times maillot jaune winner.

  • Junkyard

    Very interesting topic and comments.
    It's funny how at any level hard work is the last option people consider when discussing relative performance. Amongst the small group of weekend hack cyclists I ride and race with I generally perform the best every time. We all train about the same amount but I often get accused by them, in a friendly way, of doing “secret training” or having “natural ability”. I know that actually the only real difference between me and my small bunch of cycling buddies is that I can happily push till I puke and then push some more. We are all well short of our genetic limits in terms of fitness so for me I notice the clear psychological differences between myself and my friends.

  • Frank

    Lance was busted in '99. And I have grave reservations on whether he's clean now or at any other point in his career.

    But I'm not about to try and change your (clearly very high) opinion of him.

  • Nick

    Wade has mentioned exactly this in many of his articles, you simply need to 'want it more than the other guy'. And whether that's the sprint to the coffee shop or up the Champs-Élysées the principal remains the same – as in both cases the competition is likely to be on a similar level in relation to their genetic limit.

  • phil

    I agree. I understand the huge amount of hardwork that does into ones sucess in cycling and other sports. I just mentioned that in terms of lab based physiological measures of aerobic capacity (VO2), there is variation between different peoples potential to improve these numbers (and to what level).

    But then again do these lad based measures really ensure sporting sucess, of course they don't. They are way too many other factorsm such as those mentioned by CT.

  • Bob

    At the risk of starting a war, can I propose the title of the follow-up article:

    “The reality of un-natural talent in elite sport”

    (Don't shoot the messenger!)

  • http://www.conversationsinthepark.com/ Tony

    I remember a quote by Jack Nicklaus, the famous golfer. An interviewer commented during his earlier years on how lucky he was to have made it to his level in the sport. His reply: “It's a funny thing, the more I practice the luckier I get”.

    I work as a health & wellness coach mainly in the area of the mind-body connection as it relates to healing & recovery. In my opinion, the predominant factor for success in sport, other than a strong work ethic is an undeniable belief in oneself despite what others or your external world is presenting you with. That is, the will and determination to succeed and having a strong sense of self. e.g. Cadel Evans' apparent run of bad luck last year until the Worlds. Sometimes the failure/s is a signpost toward success as it tests one's resolve and commitment to prevail.

  • Justin L

    Justin,

    Thanks for clearly pointing out the difference between innate capacity and innate ability, the whole thing is a lot clearer now.

    As an aside, is the mental toughness of someone like Lance considered an innate capacity? Maybe this is what you need to be a “natural” at?

  • Travis

    Justin

    Now that's a great question.

    I am certainly not even close to an elite level cyclist but have been what would be considered an elite level footballer and golf player.

    In my humble opinion while having a natural talent is a great starting point you have to have a desire to get better at something and a willingness to push push push.

  • Marcus

    Talent is Overrated (Colvin) and Outliers (Gladwell) are both great books on this topic and anyone who finds themselves believing that “innate talent” is a huge determinant of final success (in any field of endeavour) should read them both (this could be you, BOB).

    In different ways, both of these books (esp. Colvin's) espouse the idea great thing that “talent” can lead to is the opportunity to practice the sport/skill far more than the average kid – so “talent” (and more importantly early identification of that talent) leads onto the opportunity for increased amounts of practice which then can lead onto elite performance. Its the practice which is the key.

    This can apply to playing musical instruments or even Bill Gates writing computer programs (he received a unique opportunity to access some really big computer at a US college when he was a teenager). So whilst there is no doubt that talent/genetics can be of huge benefit, (such as Michael Jordan's height and wingspan) what can be of even greater benefit is the opportunity provided to “talented ones” to allow them, if they are so inclined, to work harder. And what I took from Justin's article, is that this inclination to work hard, is the most important factor (presuming some base level of innate skill/aptitude).

    The junior tennis prodigies that come out of places like Nick Bolletieri's academy are a case in point. They get more practice than some kid from the 'burbs but they still need to be able to hit the ball in the first place. Just like a big VO2 max is a help in cycling, the kid with this genetic gift, if identified early, will get to “practice cycling” a lot more than others, so becomes “even more better”.

    This also applies to Tiger Woods (Colvin uses him as an example) who was able to practice golf far more and far earlier than his peers. This logic should also mean that Tiger is a pretty solid performer in the sack nowadays too!

  • http://www.happyfamilies.com.au Justin Coulson

    I agree. That is a super question.

    In fact a researcher (Ericsson, 1993) commented on this when describing how important deliberate practice is in expertise when he suggested that if there is an innate component to exceptional skill, it would be that motivation to actually engage in large amounts of boring, hard work. He also stated that there was little evidence to support that such an “ability” existed.

    The short answer to your question, though, is YES.

    We are likely to all be born with the innate capacity for “mental toughness” as you put it, but in the same way that we have physical variations, the psychological variations are there too. In psychological terms we typically refer to “tough-mindedness” as resilience, although studies about determination, resilience, and grit also describe mental toughness. Essentially we're talking about developing the ability to bounce back from failure, setbacks, difficulty, and challenge. As best as we can tell, the capacity is within each of us for mental toughness. But based on the environment we're raised in and the exposure to setbacks we experience, we may or may not go on to develop that “toughness”. Obviously again genetics plays a role in this resilience capacity… studies into depression and optimism demonstrate a genetic component. However we also know that interventions can help us overcome depression, develop greater optimism, and enhance our capacity to bounce back!

    I'll put together a more developed response to this question in a post in the future.

    If you visit my blog (link at the top of the page) and search for resilience, you'll find some other useful information.

  • krashdavage

    Yeah.. the sport is so clean now compared to previous eras!

  • JC

    Interesting area. If there is such a thing as a genetic capacity to be resilient I'm sure very few people ever get near their full potential. When forced to do so the mind can withstand just about anything. The trick is convincing yourself to be your own hard arse taskmaster.

  • Mongrel Bill

    Justin,

    You have obviously never met or ridden with Andy Schleck.

    Everybody who has, speaks of his incredible natural talent. Having seen it first hand, I, like others, was simply blown away.

    MB.

  • Marcus

    MB, was it natural talent you saw (if so, what does it look like?) or a rider endowed with some genetic gifts who has then worked very very hard. With a father and grandfather who are pro cyclists, he may well have had a better opportunity than most fellows to ride a lot. I am guessing the measly 67kgs (apparently) Schleck is carrying around on a 6'1″ frame have more to do with loads of hard work and a disciplined diet than a talent to be skinny.

  • kylieonwheels

    This is getting really interesting. I've seen both case; some where mental resilience is clearly a genetic characteristic, and others where it has developed as a function of environment. In fact, I'd even say that perceiving a lack of mental resilience in one's own genetics is probably an environmental factor in increasing that resilience (ie. observing your parents mental 'weakness' as perceived by you may drive you harder to not suffer that weakness).

  • kylieonwheels

    I strongly agree with you, Tony. In fact, as cocky as this sounds, I like to think I'm in the middle of a case study of your exact theory. About a month after I recently set some very high goals for myself, I was in an accident, requiring surgery and what I would call a long and frustrating recovery period. I'm still in that period. It would be pretty easy for me to sit back and say “ok well that wasn't meant to be”, but I've made the decision to make this happen, regardless of the obstacles I'm facing. It's good to hear from you that my mental strength is on my side.

  • gm

    a friend of mine has this un-natural talent, he sits on the couch eating cake, drinking coffee and watching foxtel and wonders why his cycling has not improved………………

  • Nat

    It's a ridiculous argument, look at how many tour de france winners are over 6 feet tall (Jan Ulrich, any others?)
    How many elite marathon runners are over 6 feet tall? Endurance sports tend to favour a particular body type.
    Why do sports institutes spend millions on talent identification programs? Are all the sports scientists wasting their time and money?
    What about elite sprinters? Who have a greater proprtion of fast twitch muscle fibres than the general population?
    What about elite female gymnansts? How many of them are over 6 feet tall? Most of them are very petite and often pre-pubescent. The sport favours this body type.
    What about elite rowers? They have longer than the average arm span.

    I could go on… the argument is so flawed.

  • http://www.conversationsinthepark.com/ Tony

    Kylie, we were born to succeed & prosper. It's our default nature. We are already perfect whether one chooses to believe this or not. Our job is simply to remove the mental obstacles that hinder our success and performance. Athletes like: Lance Armstrong, Michael Jordan, Michael Schumacher etc have acheived this and thus enjoy the fruits of their mental success.

    There's a famous quote which was used in the film The Secret which sums it up: “When the voice and vision on the inside become more profound and clear than the opinions on the outside, then you have mastered your life”

  • sflaherty

    I'd say genetics is closely linked to natural ability. Take Lance for example. He was beating adults at local triathlons at the age of 15 before he even started training properly.

  • craig

    There are other factors that genetic endowment and hard work.

    If you want to be an elite athlete, you will have a better chance if the following are true:
    1) You are born near the start of the year. You will be older as a junior, and face weaker opponents for longer. You will have a better chance at recieving better quality coaching.

    2) Place of birth. Comparatively less elite athletes come from very large cities. You need a place that has the critical mass to support a sporting culture, but not so big that it hinders training. In short, London and New York are not places for young athletes. Wagga is. There was even an article written on the 'Wagga effect' in a reputed sociological journal, but I forget which one.

    3) Parental influence. Children with healthy parents are healthy. Not many fat kids make elite athletes. Feed your kids healthy food. Families with parents that have had athletic commitment surely understand the importance of making sacrifices to make sure that kids make it to every training and so on.

    Then there are vastly more complicated issues like age of puberty, injury avoidance, physiological suitability to a chosen sport, sporting culture, and many more.

    So, while I understand the arguments outlined in this article, I think it is important, above all, to recognise what we all really know: the propogation of an world beating athlete is reliant on a confluence of factors, none of which are deal breakers, but all of which are important. I agree with this articles sentiment, but for every contador, or armstong, or cooke, or cancellara are hundreds of failed pros and thousands of amatuers. Reflecting on this, we can see that to be a world beater is as much luck (genetic, familial or otherwise) as it is hard work.

  • gm

    do not confuse ability with genetics, we all have the ability if we choose to use it. but not everyone has the genetics for their chosen sport, unfortunately some of come from a culture of using blame and excuses for our lack of success. the “talent” that institutes look for when choosing an athlete is not only their genetic structure for the given sport, but also their mindset. a winners mindset is more of an asset than genetics alone. surround yourself with successful people and thats what you will become, surround yourself with quitters and whingers, well…….

  • krashdavage

    It's not my argument Natalie but you know, you make some worthwhile points. Though again I think there's still some confusion around genetics/capacity/ability etc. I don't think we're all on the same page.

  • benrattray

    so i havent read all the comments, but at least near the top there is an assumption that genetics and “natural ability” only apply to pysical prowess. It applies to behaviour as well. Ultimately the elite athlete has a cobination of both.

    If you have a predisposition to be lazy (genetically) then you are not likely to be a world beater. The mind is powerful yes, and genetics is not likely to determine all of it, but it will have an impact, and I don't see why this is not acknowledged in the making of an elite athlete.

  • zedseven

    This is a ridiculous proposition. Your examples are generally skill based activities that require repetition and practice. Cycling is an endurance sport and the engine inside is the major factor.

  • Phil

    You put it perfectly Bob, I've got nothing else to add.

  • juzb

    Your inherited capacity, including VO2max, can be altered, but even if you are training 30 hours per week in a highly focused manner for your lifetime, you are not going to turn your average VO2max of 50 into 80, like Lance. We can talk about it all we want in comments, but there is a reason they have talent ID programs. This sets the ceiling you can reach, if, and only if, you train like the best in the world. You can't polish a turd!

    It is very attractive from a psychological viewpoint to see ourselves as the product of our work, ie. how hard and how well we train. Unfortunately this is not really borne out in what evidence is out there. The converse is certainly true- you need hard work to succeed and you can ruin what talent you have by not making the most of it.

    For some (most actually), our peak performance will be blowing away the B grade (Cat 3?) field once in a while when your brain is turned on, the field are distracted and the excellent training you have been doing comes in to its own.

    Don't give up your day job just yet.

  • Nat

    Once you get to the top level of sport, genetic or natural ability is extremely important, what is MOST important is hard to determine. This article implies that natural ability is not really that important at all.

    It's different in club level sport, anyone can get to a high amateur level in their sport with hard work alone, but to think that we can all make it to the elite level is like saying that if I studied enough I could have been as clever as Stephen Hawking (I know that this is false!)

    However, if you lower the bar a little, then it becomes more relevent. Eg, almost anyone of average intelligence could aspire to a university degree or PhD. They just won't be a genius.

    Eddy Merckx is a genius, as were Don Bradman and Albert Einstein.

    We all have our different talents/abilities/capacities and we need to exploit them if we want to reach an elite level in any field.

    “You can do anything with hard work alone” is only partially true.

  • guest

    Genetics, natural ability, hard work.. all are valid. Some of us have played at the highest recreational level in multiple sports. Natural ability comes to the forefront in the hand/eye sports.

  • rob

    indurain.

  • Nat

    indurain was also widely regarded as having an unusual and amazing physiology, (ie. gifted)

  • http://www.cyclingTipsBlog.com cyclingTips

    A reader named Arthur asked me to post this comment about this article:

    —–

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